1. Biteganijwe ko byongera ibyago byo kunanirwa nimpyiko nimpfu zindwara zimpyiko
Itsinda ryibirimo rya WuXi AppTec Medical New Vision ryasohoye amakuru avuga ko ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku bantu 10,000 bwerekanye ko metformin ishobora kongera ibyago byo kunanirwa nimpyiko n’urupfu rw’indwara zimpyiko.
Ubushakashatsi bwasohotse mu ishyirahamwe ry’Abanyamerika Diyabete (ADA) Ikinyamakuru “Kwita kuri Diabete” (Kwita ku barwayi ba Diyabete) bwerekanye ko imiti n’isesengura ry’ubuzima bw’abantu barenga 10,000 byerekanye ko abarwayi ba diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 barwaye impyiko zidakira (CKD) bafata Metformin bifitanye isano na yo kugabanuka kwibyago byurupfu nindwara zimpyiko zanyuma (ESRD), kandi ntabwo byongera ibyago byo kwandura aside aside.
Indwara idakira yimpyiko nikibazo gisanzwe cya diyabete.Urebye ko abarwayi bafite indwara zimpyiko zoroheje bashobora kwandikirwa metformine, itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi ryakoze iperereza ku barwayi 2704 muri buri tsinda ryombi rifata metformine kandi ntirifate metformine.
Ibisubizo byagaragaje ko ugereranije n’abatarafashe metformine, abarwayi bafashe metformine bagabanutseho 35% ibyago byo gupfa byatewe n’impamvu zose ndetse no kugabanuka kwa 33% ibyago byo gutera indwara zimpyiko zanyuma.Izi nyungu zagaragaye buhoro buhoro nyuma yimyaka 2.5 yo gufata metformin.
Nk’uko iyi raporo ibigaragaza, mu myaka yashize, umurongo ngenderwaho wa FDA wo muri Amerika urasaba koroshya ikoreshwa rya metformine ku barwayi barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 barwaye impyiko zidakira, ariko ku barwayi bafite impyiko zoroheje.Ku barwayi bafite urwego ruciriritse (icyiciro cya 3B) n'indwara zidakira zidakira, gukoresha metformine biracyavuguruzanya.
Dr. Katherine R. Tuttle, umwarimu muri kaminuza ya Washington muri Amerika, yagize ati: “Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi biraduhumuriza.Ndetse no ku barwayi barwaye impyiko zikomeye, ibyago byo kwandura aside aside ni bike cyane.Ku barwayi barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 n'indwara zidakira z'impyiko, metformin irashobora kuba igipimo cyo gukumira urupfu ndetse n'umuti w'ingenzi wo kunanirwa kw'impyiko, ariko kubera ko ubu ari ubushakashatsi bwisubiraho kandi bwitegereza, ibisubizo bigomba gusobanurwa neza. ”
2. Uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura imiti ya magic metformin
Metformin irashobora kuvugwa ko ari imiti ya kera ya kera yamaze igihe kinini.Mu kuzamuka kw’ubushakashatsi bw’ibiyobyabwenge bya hypoglycemic, mu 1957, umuhanga w’umufaransa Stern yashyize ahagaragara ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bwe maze yongeraho ibivamo lilac bifite ibikorwa bya hypoglycemic mu bishyimbo byihene.Alkali, yitwa metformin, Glucophage, bisobanura kurya isukari.
Mu 1994, metformin yemejwe kumugaragaro na FDA yo muri Amerika kugirango ikoreshwe muri diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2.Metformin, nk'imiti yemewe yo kuvura diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2, yashyizwe ku rutonde rw'imiti ya hypoglycemic yo ku murongo wa mbere mu mabwiriza atandukanye yo kuvura mu gihugu no mu mahanga.Ifite ibyiza byingaruka za hypoglycemic, ibyago bike bya hypoglycemia, nigiciro gito.Kugeza ubu niwo muti ukoreshwa cyane Imwe mu cyiciro cyimiti ya hypoglycemic.
Nkumuti wapimwe nigihe, byagereranijwe ko kwisi yose hari abantu barenga miliyoni 120 bakoresha metformin.
Hamwe nubushakashatsi bwimbitse, ubushobozi bwo kuvura metformin bwagiye bwiyongera.Usibye kuvumburwa vuba aha, metformin nayo yasanze ifite ingaruka zigera kuri 20.
1. Ingaruka zo gusaza
Kugeza ubu, Ikigo cy’Amerika gishinzwe ibiryo n’ibiyobyabwenge cyemeje igeragezwa ry’amavuriro yo “gukoresha metformine mu kurwanya gusaza”.Impamvu abahanga b’abanyamahanga bakoresha metformin nkumukandida urwanya gusaza bishobora kuba biterwa nuko metformin ishobora kongera umubare wa molekile ya ogisijeni irekurwa mu ngirabuzimafatizo.Ikirenze byose, ibi bisa nkaho byongera umubiri neza kandi bikaramba.
2. Kugabanuka
Metformin ni hypoglycemic agent ishobora kugabanya ibiro.Irashobora kongera insuline kandi ikagabanya ibinure.Kubantu benshi bakunda isukari 2, kugabanya ibiro ubwabyo nikintu gifasha kugenzura neza isukari yamaraso.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi muri Amerika ryita ku barwayi ba diyabete (DPP) bwerekanye ko mu gihe cy’inyigisho zitabujijwe mu myaka 7-8, abarwayi bahawe imiti ya metformin batakaje ikigereranyo cya kg 3.1.
3. Kugabanya ibyago byo gukuramo inda no kubyara imburagihe ku bagore bamwe batwite
Ubushakashatsi buheruka gusohoka muri The Lancet bwerekana ko metformin ishobora kugabanya ibyago byo gukuramo inda no kubyara imburagihe ku bagore bamwe batwite.
Nk’uko raporo zibyerekana, abahanga bo muri kaminuza y’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga ya Noruveje (NTNU) n’ibitaro bya St. Olavs bakoze ubushakashatsi bw’imyaka igera kuri 20 basanga abarwayi bafite syndrome ya polycystic ovary bafata metformin mu gihe cy’amezi 3 batwite bashobora kugabanya nyuma- ijambo gukuramo inda no gukuramo inda.Ibyago byo kubyara imburagihe.
4. Irinde gutwikwa guterwa numwotsi
Ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi byagaragaje ko itsinda riyobowe na Porofeseri Scott Budinger wo muri kaminuza y’Amajyaruguru y’Uburengerazuba ryemeje mu mbeba ko metformine ishobora gukumira indwara ziterwa n’umwotsi, ikarinda ingirabuzimafatizo z'umubiri kurekura molekile iteje akaga mu maraso, bikabuza gukora trombose ya arterial, bityo gabanya sisitemu yumutima.Ibyago by'indwara.
5. Kurinda umutima
Metformin ifite ingaruka zo gukingira umutima ndetse nubu niyo miti yonyine ya hypoglycemic isabwa nubuyobozi bwa diyabete nkibimenyetso bifatika byerekana inyungu z'umutima.Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko kuvura igihe kirekire metformine bifitanye isano cyane no kugabanuka kw’indwara zifata umutima n’umutima ku barwayi ba diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 n’abarwayi ba diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 bamaze kwandura indwara zifata umutima.
6. Kunoza syndrome ya polycystic ovary
Indwara ya polycystic ovary syndrome ni indwara itavukanye irangwa na hyperandrogenemia, imikorere mibi yintanga ngore, na morphologie polycystic ovary.Indwara yawo ntishobora gusobanuka, kandi abarwayi bakunze kugira impamyabumenyi zitandukanye za hyperinsulinemia.Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko metformin ishobora kugabanya kurwanya insuline, kugarura imikorere yayo ya ovulation, no kunoza hyperandrogenemia.
7. Kunoza ibimera byo munda
Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko metformin ishobora kugarura igipimo cyibimera byo munda kandi bigahinduka mubyerekezo bifasha ubuzima.Itanga ubuzima bwiza kuri bagiteri zifite akamaro mu mara, bityo bikagabanya isukari mu maraso kandi bikagenga neza ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri.
8. Biteganijwe kuvura autism zimwe
Vuba aha, abashakashatsi bo muri kaminuza ya McGill bavumbuye ko metformin ishobora kuvura ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa syndrome ya Fragile X hamwe na autism, kandi ubu bushakashatsi bushya bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru Nature Medicine, ikibazo cy’ibidukikije.Kugeza ubu, autism ni kimwe mu bintu byinshi by’ubuvuzi abahanga bemeza ko bishobora kuvurwa na metformine.
9. Subiza fibrosis
Abashakashatsi bo muri kaminuza ya Alabama i Birmingham basanze mu barwayi b'abantu bafite fibrosis idasanzwe ya fibrosis na imbeba ya fibrosis yimbeba iterwa na bleomycine, ibikorwa bya AMPK mu ngingo za fibrotic bigabanuka, kandi ingirabuzimafatizo zirwanya selile Apoptotic myofibroblast yiyongera.
Gukoresha metformin kugirango ukore AMPK muri myofibroblast irashobora kongera gukangurira utugingo ngengabuzima kuri apoptose.Byongeye kandi, muburyo bwimbeba, metformin irashobora kwihutisha gukuraho ingirabuzimafatizo zimaze gukorwa.Ubu bushakashatsi bwerekana ko metformin cyangwa abandi ba AMPK agoniste bashobora gukoreshwa muguhindura fibrosis imaze kubaho.
10. Fasha mu kureka itabi
Abashakashatsi bo muri kaminuza ya Pennsylvania basanze ikoreshwa rya nikotine rirambye rishobora gutuma inzira ya AMPK yerekana inzira, ibuzwa mu gihe cyo gukuramo nikotine.Kubwibyo, banzuye ko niba ibiyobyabwenge bikoreshwa mugukoresha inzira ya signal ya AMPK, bishobora kugabanya igisubizo cyo kubikuramo.
Metformin ni AMPK agonist.Igihe abashakashatsi bahaga metformin imbeba zifite nikotine, basanze byoroheje imbeba.Ubushakashatsi bwabo bwerekana ko metformin ishobora gukoreshwa mu gufasha kureka itabi.
11. Ingaruka zo kurwanya inflammatory
Mbere, ubushakashatsi bwibanze nubuvuzi bwerekanye ko metformin idashobora gusa kunoza umuriro udakira gusa muguhindura ibipimo bya metabolike nka hyperglycemia, kurwanya insuline hamwe na dyslipidemiya ya aterosklerotike, ariko kandi bifite ingaruka zitaziguye zo kurwanya inflammatory.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko metformin ishobora guhagarika umuriro, cyane cyane binyuze muri AMP ikora protein kinase (AMPK) -bishingiye cyangwa byigenga bibuza kwanduza ibisasu bya kirimbuzi B (NFB).
12. Hindura ubumuga bwo kutamenya
Abashakashatsi bo muri kaminuza ya Texas i Dallas bakoze imiterere yimbeba yigana ububabare bujyanye nububabare.Bakoresheje iyi moderi kugirango bagerageze imikorere yibiyobyabwenge byinshi.
Ibisubizo byubushakashatsi byerekana ko kuvura imbeba zifite uburemere bwa mg / kg 200 za metformine muminsi 7 bishobora guhindura rwose ubumuga bwubwenge buterwa nububabare.
Gabapentin, ivura neuralgia na epilepsy, nta ngaruka nk'izo.Ibi bivuze ko metformin ishobora gukoreshwa nk'umuti ushaje mu kuvura ubumuga bwo kutamenya ku barwayi bafite ubwonko.
13. Kubuza gukura kw'ibibyimba
Mu minsi mike ishize, nk'uko bitangazwa na Singularity.com, intiti zo mu Ishuri Rikuru ry’Uburayi rya Oncology zavumbuye ko metformine no kwiyiriza ubusa bishobora gukorana mu rwego rwo kubuza ikibyimba cy’imbeba.
Binyuze mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe, byagaragaye ko metformin no kwiyiriza bibuza gukura kw'ibibyimba binyuze mu nzira ya PP2A-GSK3β-MCL-1.Ubushakashatsi bwasohotse ku Kagari ka Kanseri.
14. Irashobora gukumira imitsi
Dr. Yu-Yen Chen ukomoka mu bitaro bikuru bya Taichung Veterans i Tayiwani, mu Bushinwa aherutse kuvumbura ko indwara ziterwa na macula ziterwa n'imyaka (AMD) ku barwayi barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 bafata metformine iri hasi cyane.Ibi byerekana ko mugihe urwanya diyabete, imikorere yo kurwanya inflammatory na antioxydeant ya metformin igira ingaruka zo gukingira AMD.
15. Cyangwa irashobora kuvura umusatsi
Itsinda rya Huang Jing, umuhanga mu Bushinwa muri kaminuza ya Californiya, muri Los Angeles, bavumbuye ko ibiyobyabwenge nka metformin na rapamycin bishobora gutera imisatsi mu gihe cyo kuruhuka imbeba kugira ngo zinjire mu cyiciro cyo gukura no guteza imbere umusatsi.Ubushakashatsi bujyanye nabwo bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru kizwi cyane cy’amasomo Raporo Raporo.
Byongeye kandi, igihe abahanga bakoresheje metformine mu kuvura abarwayi bafite syndrome ya polycystic ovary mu Bushinwa no mu Buhinde, basanze kandi metformine ifitanye isano no kugabanya umusatsi.
16. Hindura imyaka yibinyabuzima
Vuba aha, urubuga rwemewe rwikinyamakuru mpuzamahanga cyubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga “Kamere” rwasohoye amakuru akomeye.Raporo zerekana ko ubushakashatsi buke bw’amavuriro muri Californiya bwerekanye ku nshuro ya mbere ko bishoboka guhindura isaha y’umuntu.Mu mwaka ushize, abakorerabushake icyenda bafite ubuzima bwiza bafashe imvange ya hormone yo gukura n’imiti ibiri ya diyabete, harimo na metformine.Ugereranije no gusesengura ibimenyetso kuri genome yumuntu, imyaka yabo yibinyabuzima yagabanutse ku kigereranyo cyimyaka 2.5.
17. Imiti ikomatanya irashobora kuvura kanseri y'ibere inshuro eshatu
Mu minsi mike ishize, itsinda riyobowe na Dr. Marsha umutunzi wa rosner wo muri kaminuza ya Chicago ryavumbuye ko guhuza metformine n’indi miti ishaje, heme (panhematin), bishobora kwibasira imiti ivura kanseri y'ibere inshuro eshatu mbi ibangamira ubuzima bw’umugore. .
Hariho ibimenyetso byerekana ko ubu buryo bwo kuvura bushobora kuba ingirakamaro kuri kanseri zitandukanye nka kanseri y'ibihaha, kanseri y'impyiko, kanseri y'inkondo y'umura, kanseri ya prostate na acute myeloid leukemia.Ubushakashatsi bujyanye nabwo bwasohotse mu kinyamakuru cyo hejuru Kamere.
18. Irashobora kugabanya ingaruka mbi za glucocorticoide
Vuba aha, "Lancet-Diyabete na Endocrinology" yasohoye ubushakashatsi-ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bwerekanye ko mu cyiciro cya 2 cy’amavuriro, metformine ikoreshwa ku barwayi bafite indwara zidakira zishobora guteza imbere ubuzima bwa metabolike no kugabanya kuvura glucocorticoid Ingaruka zikomeye.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko metformin ishobora gukora binyuze muri poroteyine nyamukuru ya metabolike AMPK, kandi uburyo bwo gukora butandukanye cyane na glucocorticoide, kandi bufite ubushobozi bwo guhindura ingaruka ziterwa no gukoresha glucocorticoide.
19. Twizere kuvura sclerose nyinshi
Mbere, itsinda ry’ubushakashatsi riyobowe na Robin JM Franklin wo muri kaminuza ya Cambridge hamwe n’umwigishwa we Peter van Wijngaarden basohoye inkuru mu kinyamakuru cyo hejuru “Cell Stem Cells” bavuga ko basanze ubwoko bwihariye bw’ingirabuzimafatizo zishaje zishobora gukira nyuma yo kuvurwa hamwe metformin.Mu gusubiza ibimenyetso biteza imbere itandukaniro, byongera kugaragara mubuzima bwubusore kandi bigatera imbere kuvugurura imitsi myelin.
Ubu buvumbuzi busobanura ko metformin iteganijwe gukoreshwa mu kuvura indwara ziterwa na neurodegeneration zidasubirwaho, nka sclerose nyinshi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-21-2021